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成開電氣百科：什么叫箱式變電站，箱式變壓器？四川箱變及箱變的用途

箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站是(shi)(shi)繼(ji)土建變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站之后崛起(qi)的一(yi)種新(xin)型的成(cheng)套(tao)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置。箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站（簡稱箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)）是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種高壓(ya)開關設備、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器和低壓(ya)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置，按(an)一(yi)定接線方(fang)案排(pai)成(cheng)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)的工廠預制戶內(nei)、戶外緊(jin)湊式(shi)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)設備，即(ji)將高壓(ya)受電(dian)(dian)、變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器降壓(ya)、低壓(ya)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)等功能有機地組(zu)合在一(yi)起(qi)，安裝(zhuang)在一(yi)個全(quan)封鎖、可(ke)移動的鋼(gang)結構箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)，箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)防(fang)潮(chao)、防(fang)銹、防(fang)塵、防(fang)鼠、防(fang)火、防(fang)盜、隔(ge)熱、機電(dian)(dian)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)化，全(quan)封鎖運行，特別合用(yong)(yong)于城(cheng)網建設與改造，箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站合用(yong)(yong)于礦山、工廠企(qi)業、油(you)氣田(tian)和風(feng)力發電(dian)(dian)站.根據產品結構不(bu)同及采用(yong)(yong)元器件的不(bu)同，分(fen)為歐式(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)和美式(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)兩種典型風(feng)格。

70年(nian)代后期,中國從(cong)法(fa)國、德國等(deng)國引進(jin)及仿制的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)站，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)、低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)柜，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)組成方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，形象比喻為(wei)(wei)(wei)給高(gao)、低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)柜、變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)蓋了屋子。從(cong)90年(nian)代起，中國引進(jin)美(mei)(mei)(mei)國箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)站，在(zai)結構上將負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)，環網開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)和(he)(he)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)結構簡化放(fang)入變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)油箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)浸在(zai)油中。避雷器(qi)也采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)油浸式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氧化鋅避雷器(qi)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)取消油枕，油箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)及散(san)熱器(qi)暴露(lu)在(zai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣中，這種箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)美(mei)(mei)(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，形象比喻為(wei)(wei)(wei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)旁(pang)邊掛個箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)子。從(cong)體積上看，歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)體積較大，由(you)于它內(nei)部安裝常(chang)規開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)柜及變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。美(mei)(mei)(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)體積較小，由(you)于它采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)一體化安裝。從(cong)保(bao)護(hu)方(fang)面，歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)加限(xian)流熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)保(bao)護(hu)。發生一相熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)時，用(yong)(yong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)撞針使負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)三相同時分閘，避免缺相運行，要求(qiu)負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)具有(you)堵(du)截轉移(yi)電(dian)流能(neng)力。低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)加限(xian)流熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)保(bao)護(hu)，美(mei)(mei)(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)保(bao)護(hu)，而負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)只(zhi)起投切轉換和(he)(he)堵(du)截高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)負(fu)荷(he)(he)(he)電(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)，容(rong)量(liang)較小。當高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)泛起一相熔(rong)(rong)(rong)絲(si)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)就降(jiang)低(di)，塑殼自動空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)欠電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)或過電(dian)流保(bao)護(hu)就會(hui)動作，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)運行不會(hui)發生。從(cong)產(chan)品(pin)本錢看，歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)本錢高(gao)。從(cong)產(chan)品(pin)降(jiang)價空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)看，美(mei)(mei)(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)還存在(zai)較大降(jiang)價空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)，一方(fang)面美(mei)(mei)(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)三相五柱鐵心可(ke)改(gai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三相三柱鐵心，另一方(fang)面，美(mei)(mei)(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)部門可(ke)以改(gai)型后從(cong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)油箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)挪(nuo)到油箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外，占用(yong)(yong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)室(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)。

箱式變壓器的說明(ming)及用途(tu)

箱式變壓(ya)器(qi)(pad mounted)是一(yi)種完全(quan)密封的鋼化(hua)箱體結構。它將傳統變壓(ya)器(qi)集中(zhong)設計在箱式殼(ke)體中(zhong)，具有重量輕、體積小、噪聲低、損耗低、可靠(kao)性高(gao)，現廣泛用(yong)于住宅小區、貿易中(zhong)央、輕站(zhan)、機場、廠礦、企業、病院、學(xue)校等場所。

箱(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)作為(wei)整套配電設備(bei)經被(bei)廣泛應用(yong)到電力工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)之中，其是由變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)、高壓(ya)電壓(ya)控制(zhi)設備(bei)、低(di)壓(ya)電壓(ya)控制(zhi)設備(bei)有機組合而(er)成(cheng)。基本原理在(zai)于，通過壓(ya)力啟動系(xi)統、鎧裝(zhuang)(zhuang)線、變(bian)電站全自(zi)動系(xi)統、直(zhi)流點和相應的(de)(de)技術設備(bei)，按(an)照劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)順序進行公道的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配，并(bing)將所(suo)有的(de)(de)組件安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)到特定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)防(fang)水、防(fang)塵與(yu)防(fang)鼠等(deng)完全密封的(de)(de)鋼化箱(xiang)體結(jie)構中，從而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)特定(ding)(ding)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)。

箱(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)固然體積小(xiao)，但是(shi)它(ta)并不只是(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)，相稱于一個(ge)小(xiao)型變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，屬于配電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，直接向用戶提供(gong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。包括高壓(ya)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，低壓(ya)室(shi)(shi)(shi)。高壓(ya)室(shi)(shi)(shi)就是(shi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)側，一般是(shi)35千伏或者(zhe)10千伏進線，包括高壓(ya)母排(pai)(High voltage busbar)、斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)(qi)或者(zhe)熔斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)互感器(qi)(qi)、避雷器(qi)(qi)等(deng)，變(bian)壓(ya)室(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)都是(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)，是(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)的主(zhu)要設備(bei)，低壓(ya)室(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)面有低壓(ya)母排(pai)(Low voltage busbar)、低壓(ya)斷(duan)(duan)路器(qi)(qi)、計量裝置(zhi)、避雷器(qi)(qi)等(deng)，從低壓(ya)母排(pai)上引出線路對用戶供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。

箱變(bian)及箱變(bian)的用途

箱(xiang)變即箱(xiang)式變電(dian)站(zhan)（Box type substation），是繼土建變電(dian)站(zhan)之(zhi)后(hou)崛起的(de)(de)新型的(de)(de)成套(tao)變配電(dian)裝置。一般是指(zhi)預(yu)裝式變電(dian)站(zhan),也(ye)有非預(yu)裝式(尺寸，運(yun)輸等限制的(de)(de)無法(fa)預(yu)裝).

箱變是一種將變壓(ya)器、高壓(ya)、低壓(ya)等設備安裝固(gu)定(ding)一個箱體內（金(jin)(jin)屬或非金(jin)(jin)屬），再(zai)整(zheng)體運輸至現場，在(zai)現場落位后，連接(jie)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)纜上(shang)電(dian)(dian)纜即(ji)可使用(yong)設備。特(te)別合用(yong)于(yu)城網建設與改(gai)(gai)造（額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)10/0.4KV三相交流系統中(zhong)，作為線路和分配電(dian)(dian)能(neng)之用(yong)）：好比在(zai)城市的住(zhu)宅小(xiao)區、以(yi)及街道，當用(yong)電(dian)(dian)高峰期，需(xu)要(yao)增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)候，就(jiu)需(xu)要(yao)用(yong)到(dao)我們的設備-箱式變電(dian)(dian)站了。或者用(yong)于(yu)臨(lin)時(shi)性的供給電(dian)(dian)量，好比在(zai)工地、碼頭(tou)、機場等，在(zai)已有建筑物的情況下(xia)，我們需(xu)要(yao)改(gai)(gai)造用(yong)電(dian)(dian)設備，也要(yao)用(yong)到(dao)箱式變壓(ya)站的

根據箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)的型(xing)式(shi)(shi)的不(bu)同，可分為(wei)(wei)普通和(he)緊(jin)湊型(xing)兩類。普通型(xing)箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)有(you)ZBW型(xing)和(he)XWB型(xing)等，緊(jin)湊型(xing)箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)有(you)ZB1-336型(xing)和(he)GE箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)等。箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)10KV配電(dian)裝置不(bu)用斷路器(qi)(qi)，常用的有(you)FN5-10型(xing)或(huo)FN7-10型(xing)負荷(he)開(kai)關加熔斷器(qi)(qi)和(he)環網供電(dian)裝置，并(bing)從臨近(jin)排擊線(xian)支接到變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)端。根據產品結構不(bu)同及采(cai)用元器(qi)(qi)件的不(bu)同，分為(wei)(wei)歐式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)和(he)美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)兩種典型(xing)風格。

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